Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (Guinea) - Revision history

WikiEdit at 21:54, 15 October 2026

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	<span id="R02134"></span>Matsuzawa, T., et al. (2011a). Green corridor project: Planting trees in the savanna between Bossou and Nimba. In T. Matsuzawa, T. Humle, & Y. Sugiyama (Eds.), The chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba. Springer. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38 doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38]		<span id="R02134"></span>Matsuzawa, T., et al. (2011a). Green corridor project: Planting trees in the savanna between Bossou and Nimba. In T. Matsuzawa, T. Humle, & Y. Sugiyama (Eds.), The chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba. Springer. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38 doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38]

	<span id="R02275"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~1-19~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02275"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

WikiEdit at 14:35, 15 October 2026

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	<span id="R02134"></span>Matsuzawa, T., et al. (2011a). Green corridor project: Planting trees in the savanna between Bossou and Nimba. In T. Matsuzawa, T. Humle, & Y. Sugiyama (Eds.), The chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba. Springer. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38 doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38]		<span id="R02134"></span>Matsuzawa, T., et al. (2011a). Green corridor project: Planting trees in the savanna between Bossou and Nimba. In T. Matsuzawa, T. Humle, & Y. Sugiyama (Eds.), The chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba. Springer. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38 doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53921-6_38]

	<span id="R02275"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~e0000345~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02275"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), 1-19. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

WikiEdit at 00:10, 15 October 2026

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	The Nimba Mountains have been the focus of research for several decades. In the 1940’s a research station was established in Ziéla, to the North of the Nimba Mountains, and researchers including Maxime Lamotte, Roger Roy, and other scientists from the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire in Dakar, conducted studies on the fauna and flora, but also on climate and geology ([[#R01287\|Granier & Martinez 2011]]). In the context of the recognition of Nimba as a World Heritage Site several missions have been conducted by UNESCO ([[#R01304\|UNESCO 2018b]]). Many other organizations conducted research here, for example on the Nimba toad ([[#R01288\|Hillers et al. 2008]], [[#R01299\|Sandberger-Loua et al. 2016]]). Studies targeted at chimpanzees in the Mount Nimba Strict Nature reserve, also investigated chimpanzee behavior, such as tool use ([[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]]), but also habitat use and nesting behavior ([[#R01286\|Granier et al. 2014]]).		The Nimba Mountains have been the focus of research for several decades. In the 1940’s a research station was established in Ziéla, to the North of the Nimba Mountains, and researchers including Maxime Lamotte, Roger Roy, and other scientists from the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire in Dakar, conducted studies on the fauna and flora, but also on climate and geology ([[#R01287\|Granier & Martinez 2011]]). In the context of the recognition of Nimba as a World Heritage Site several missions have been conducted by UNESCO ([[#R01304\|UNESCO 2018b]]). Many other organizations conducted research here, for example on the Nimba toad ([[#R01288\|Hillers et al. 2008]], [[#R01299\|Sandberger-Loua et al. 2016]]). Studies targeted at chimpanzees in the Mount Nimba Strict Nature reserve, also investigated chimpanzee behavior, such as tool use ([[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]]), but also habitat use and nesting behavior ([[#R01286\|Granier et al. 2014]]).
	Established in 2003, Seringbara research area is located within the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve on the western side of the Nimba Massif in southeastern Guinea. The area is adjacent to the village of Seringbara, approximately 6 km from Bossou, Guinea and 10 km from Yealé, Cote d’Ivoire ([[#R01296\|Koops 2011]]). It is separated from the Bossou hills by a 4 km stretch of savanna, an area that has been the focus of reforestation efforts by the Green Corridor Project. Long-term chimpanzee research is ongoing at the Seringbara study site in Guinea. Initial research at Seringbara focused on tool use behaviour by the Nimba chimpanzees especially in comparison to the chimpanzees at Bossou (e.g., Humle & ~~Matsuzawa 2001,~~ [[#~~R01296~~\|Koops 2011]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]], [[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]]). Subsequently, Seringbara research broadened to include chimpanzee tool use patterns ([[#R01293\|Koops et al. 2013]], 2015), feeding ecology ([[#~~R01293~~\|Koops 2011, Koops et al. 2013]], 2019), grouping and ranging patterns (van Leeuwen et al. in press), nesting behaviour ([[#R01289\|Koops et al. 2007]], 2012a,b), habitat suitability modeling ([[#R01283\|Fitzgerald et al. 2018]]), molecular genetics ([[#R01292\|Koops et al 2012b]], Koops et al. in prep), nutritional analyses ([[#R01295\|Koops et al. 2019]]) and conservation strategies (Fitzgerald et al. in prep).		Established in 2003, Seringbara research area is located within the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve on the western side of the Nimba Massif in southeastern Guinea. The area is adjacent to the village of Seringbara, approximately 6 km from Bossou, Guinea and 10 km from Yealé, Cote d’Ivoire ([[#R01296\|Koops 2011]]). It is separated from the Bossou hills by a 4 km stretch of savanna, an area that has been the focus of reforestation efforts by the Green Corridor Project. Long-term chimpanzee research is ongoing at the Seringbara study site in Guinea. Initial research at Seringbara focused on tool use behaviour by the Nimba chimpanzees especially in comparison to the chimpanzees at Bossou (e.g., Humle & [[#R02134\|Matsuzawa 2001, Koops 2011]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]], [[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]]). Subsequently, Seringbara research broadened to include chimpanzee tool use patterns ([[#R01293\|Koops et al. 2013]], 2015), feeding ecology ([[#R01296\|Koops 2011]], [[#R01293\|Koops et al. 2013]], 2019), grouping and ranging patterns (van Leeuwen et al. in press), nesting behaviour ([[#R01289\|Koops et al. 2007]], 2012a,b), habitat suitability modeling ([[#R01283\|Fitzgerald et al. 2018]]), molecular genetics ([[#R01292\|Koops et al 2012b]], Koops et al. in prep), nutritional analyses ([[#R01295\|Koops et al. 2019]]) and conservation strategies (Fitzgerald et al. in prep).

	{{#ev:youtube\|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqDp193gA1Q\|inline}}		{{#ev:youtube\|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqDp193gA1Q\|inline}}

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	\|[[#R01306\|WCF 2012]]		\|[[#R01306\|WCF 2012]]
	\|Total survey effort: 59.4 km		\|Total survey effort: 59.4 km
	\|GIN0002, GIN0010, GIN0016, GIN0020, GIN0023, GIN0024, GIN0025, GIN0027, GIN0029, GIN0036, GIN0069		\|GIN0002, GIN0010<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+9 more" data-collapsetext="less">GIN0016, GIN0020, GIN0023, GIN0024, GIN0025, GIN0027, GIN0029, GIN0036, GIN0069</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
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	<span id="R01291"></span>Koops, K., et al. (2012a). Nest-building by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Seringbara, Nimba Mountains: Anti-predation, thermoregulation, and anti-vector hypotheses. International Journal of Primatology, 33(2), 356–380. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-012-9585-4 doi:10.1007/s10764-012-9585-4]		<span id="R01291"></span>Koops, K., et al. (2012a). Nest-building by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Seringbara, Nimba Mountains: Anti-predation, thermoregulation, and anti-vector hypotheses. International Journal of Primatology, 33(2), 356–380. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-012-9585-4 doi:10.1007/s10764-012-9585-4]

	<span id="R01292"></span>Koops, K., et al. (2012b). Terrestrial nest-building in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus): Implications for the tree-to-ground sleep transition in early hominins. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 148, 351–361.		<span id="R01292"></span>Koops, K., et al. (2012b). Terrestrial nest-building in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus): Implications for the tree-to-ground sleep transition in early hominins. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 148, 351–361. [https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22056 doi:10.1002/ajpa.22056]

	<span id="R01293"></span>Koops, K., McGrew, W. C., & Matsuzawa, T. (2013). Ecology of culture: do environmental factors influence foraging tool use in wild chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus?. ''Animal Behaviour'', 85(1), 175-185. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.022 doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.022]		<span id="R01293"></span>Koops, K., McGrew, W. C., & Matsuzawa, T. (2013). Ecology of culture: do environmental factors influence foraging tool use in wild chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus?. ''Animal Behaviour'', 85(1), 175-185. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.022 doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.022]

WikiEdit at 20:29, 12 October 2026

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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. ~~subm.~~ extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (~~see~~ Kiribou et al. ~~subm. for details~~).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (Guinea)'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (Guinea)'''

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 !Comments
 !A.P.E.S. database ID
 |-
 |''Pan troglodytes verus''
@@ Line 111: / Line 124: @@
 |Granier 2011
 |Total survey effort: 350 km; combination of line transect, reconnaissance survey and scouting surveys
+|
 |-

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	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.~~3 General lack~~ of ~~funding~~		\|2.2 Lack of staff
	\|~~UNESCO 2018a,~~ UNESCO 2018b		\|UNESCO 2018b
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.~~2 Lack~~ of ~~staff~~		\|2.3 General lack of funding
	\|UNESCO 2018b		\|UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-

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	'''Page created by: '''Kathelijne Koops & Maegan Fitzgerald''' Date:''' 2019-11-27		'''Page created by: '''Kathelijne Koops & Maegan Fitzgerald''' Date:''' 2019-11-27

			'''Page updated by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2025-06-20

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:10, 14 October 2026
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	The Nimba Mountains have been the focus of research for several decades. In the 1940’s a research station was established in Ziéla, to the North of the Nimba Mountains, and researchers including Maxime Lamotte, Roger Roy, and other scientists from the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire in Dakar, conducted studies on the fauna and flora, but also on climate and geology ([[#R01287\|Granier & Martinez 2011]]). In the context of the recognition of Nimba as a World Heritage Site several missions have been conducted by UNESCO ([[#R01304\|UNESCO 2018b]]). Many other organizations conducted research here, for example on the Nimba toad ([[#R01288\|Hillers et al. 2008]], [[#R01299\|Sandberger-Loua et al. 2016]]). Studies targeted at chimpanzees in the Mount Nimba Strict Nature reserve, also investigated chimpanzee behavior, such as tool use ([[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]]), but also habitat use and nesting behavior ([[#R01286\|Granier et al. 2014]]).		The Nimba Mountains have been the focus of research for several decades. In the 1940’s a research station was established in Ziéla, to the North of the Nimba Mountains, and researchers including Maxime Lamotte, Roger Roy, and other scientists from the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire in Dakar, conducted studies on the fauna and flora, but also on climate and geology ([[#R01287\|Granier & Martinez 2011]]). In the context of the recognition of Nimba as a World Heritage Site several missions have been conducted by UNESCO ([[#R01304\|UNESCO 2018b]]). Many other organizations conducted research here, for example on the Nimba toad ([[#R01288\|Hillers et al. 2008]], [[#R01299\|Sandberger-Loua et al. 2016]]). Studies targeted at chimpanzees in the Mount Nimba Strict Nature reserve, also investigated chimpanzee behavior, such as tool use ([[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]]), but also habitat use and nesting behavior ([[#R01286\|Granier et al. 2014]]).
	Established in 2003, Seringbara research area is located within the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve on the western side of the Nimba Massif in southeastern Guinea. The area is adjacent to the village of Seringbara, approximately 6 km from Bossou, Guinea and 10 km from Yealé, Cote d’Ivoire ([[#R01296\|Koops 2011]]). It is separated from the Bossou hills by a 4 km stretch of savanna, an area that has been the focus of reforestation efforts by the Green Corridor Project. Long-term chimpanzee research is ongoing at the Seringbara study site in Guinea. Initial research at Seringbara focused on tool use behaviour by the Nimba chimpanzees especially in comparison to the chimpanzees at Bossou (e.g., Humle & ~~Matsuzawa 2001,~~ [[#~~R01296~~\|Koops 2011]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]], [[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]]). Subsequently, Seringbara research broadened to include chimpanzee tool use patterns ([[#R01293\|Koops et al. 2013]], 2015), feeding ecology ([[#~~R01293~~\|Koops 2011, Koops et al. 2013]], 2019), grouping and ranging patterns (van Leeuwen et al. in press), nesting behaviour ([[#R01289\|Koops et al. 2007]], 2012a,b), habitat suitability modeling ([[#R01283\|Fitzgerald et al. 2018]]), molecular genetics ([[#R01292\|Koops et al 2012b]], Koops et al. in prep), nutritional analyses ([[#R01295\|Koops et al. 2019]]) and conservation strategies (Fitzgerald et al. in prep).		Established in 2003, Seringbara research area is located within the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve on the western side of the Nimba Massif in southeastern Guinea. The area is adjacent to the village of Seringbara, approximately 6 km from Bossou, Guinea and 10 km from Yealé, Cote d’Ivoire ([[#R01296\|Koops 2011]]). It is separated from the Bossou hills by a 4 km stretch of savanna, an area that has been the focus of reforestation efforts by the Green Corridor Project. Long-term chimpanzee research is ongoing at the Seringbara study site in Guinea. Initial research at Seringbara focused on tool use behaviour by the Nimba chimpanzees especially in comparison to the chimpanzees at Bossou (e.g., Humle & [[#R02134\|Matsuzawa 2001, Koops 2011]], [[#R01300\|Shimada 2000]], [[#R01301\|Sugiyama 1995]]). Subsequently, Seringbara research broadened to include chimpanzee tool use patterns ([[#R01293\|Koops et al. 2013]], 2015), feeding ecology ([[#R01296\|Koops 2011]], [[#R01293\|Koops et al. 2013]], 2019), grouping and ranging patterns (van Leeuwen et al. in press), nesting behaviour ([[#R01289\|Koops et al. 2007]], 2012a,b), habitat suitability modeling ([[#R01283\|Fitzgerald et al. 2018]]), molecular genetics ([[#R01292\|Koops et al 2012b]], Koops et al. in prep), nutritional analyses ([[#R01295\|Koops et al. 2019]]) and conservation strategies (Fitzgerald et al. in prep).

	{{#ev:youtube\|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqDp193gA1Q\|inline}}		{{#ev:youtube\|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqDp193gA1Q\|inline}}